Comparative Study on Administrative Subject Types

This paper studies the situation and defects of China’s modern administrative subject types through comparative analysis on the administrative subject types of continental law system and Anglo-American law system countries, analyzes the necessity and applicability of constructing multiple administrative subject system in China, and also provides several innovations for the construction of Chinese administrative subject system from the perspective of China’s legal culture characteristics and adaptability

Solving for Dispersivity in Field Dispersion Test of Unsteady Flow in Mixing Flow Field: Mass Transport Modeling

AbstractA combined groundwater flow and mass transport model was constructed to simulate the migration of contaminants and to obtain dispersion parameters from a field dispersion test in unsteady flow in mixing flow field in groundwater. Aquifer parameters were obtained by a pumping test. Tracer tests were carried out in order to characterize the characteristics of groundwater flow and to determine the velocity of the pollutant diffusion process from the source to the pumping well. Groundwater head and velocity were analyzed in the groundwater flow model and the total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration was computed in the mass transport model. The observed drawdown and the observed TDS concentration were found to respectively match closely with the computed drawdown and TDS concentration

Adaptive Neural Gradient Descent Control for a Class of Nonlinear Dynamic Systems with Chaotic Phenomenon

A neural network controller design is studied for a class of nonlinear chaotic systems with uncertain parameters. Because the chaos phenomena are often in this class of systems, it is indispensable to control this class of systems. At the same time, due to the presence of uncertainties in the chaotic systems, it results in the difficulties of the controller design. The neural networks are employed to estimate the uncertainties of the systems and a controller is designed to overcome the chaos phenomena. The main contribution of this paper is that the adaptation law can be determined via the gradient descent algorithm to minimize a cost function of error. It can prove the stability of the closed-loop system. The numerical simulation is specified to pinpoint the validation of the approach

PO-155 Comparison of effects of different exercise modes on rat gastrocnemius muscle

Objective   To explore the effects of different exercise patterns on gastrocnemius weight. Methods   Forty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, which were quiet control group (Con), continuous exercise group (CE), high-intensity intermittent exercise group (HIIT) and ladder exercise group (LE). After 8 weeks of exercise training, each group was anesthetized and samples were collected for testing. The body weight and gastrocnemius weight of each group were recorded. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of ​​gastrocnemius muscle was observed by HE staining. The levels of MSTN and insulin in serum were detected by ELISA. The expressions of MSTN, IGF1 and p70S6K in rat gastrocnemius muscle were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with group Con, the body weights of the three exercise groups were significantly lower, and the weight of the gastrocnemius muscles in group CE was significantly lower. Morphological observation of gastrocnemius showed that the cross-sectional area of ​​the gastrocnemius muscle in group CE was significantly decreased, compared with group Con, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the gastrocnemius muscle in group LE was significantly increased. There was no significant change in the cross-sectional area of ​​the gastrocnemius muscle in group HIIT. The ELISA results showed that serum GDF8 levels were significantly decreased in the three exercise groups compared with group Con, while the insulin levels were not significantly changed. Compared with group Con, the expression of GDF8 protein in the gastrocnemius muscle of the group LE was significantly decreased, while the protein expression of IGF1 and P70S6K was significantly increased. The protein expression of the gastrocnemius P70S6K in group CE was also significantly increased. Conclusions   Although the three exercise modes can significantly reduce the body weight of rats, only HIIT and LE improve the gastrocnemius muscle mass index. CE significantly reduced the body weight and cross-sectional area of ​​the gastrocnemius muscle. Although the protein expression of P70S6K was increased, there was no significant effect on the protein expression of GDF8 and IGF1. Ladder movement may increase the gastrocnemius cross-sectional area by reducing MSTN and increasing protein expression of IGF1 and P70S6K

Effects of doping in 25-atom bimetallic nanocluster catalysts for carbon–carbon coupling reaction of iodoanisole and phenylacetylene

AbstractWe here report the catalytic effects of foreign atoms (Cu, Ag, and Pt) doped into well-defined 25-gold-atom nanoclusters. Using the carbon-carbon coupling reaction of p-iodoanisole and phenylacetylene as a model reaction, the gold-based bimetallic MxAu25−x(SR)18 (–SR=–SCH2CH2Ph) nanoclusters (supported on titania) were found to exhibit distinct effects on the conversion of p-iodoanisole as well as the selectivity for the Sonogashira cross-coupling product, 1-methoxy-4-(2-phenylethynyl)benzene). Compared to Au25(SR)18, the centrally doped Pt1Au24(SR)18 causes a drop in catalytic activity but with the selectivity retained, while the AgxAu25−x(SR)18 nanoclusters gave an overall performance comparable to Au25(SR)18. Interestingly, CuxAu25−x(SR)18 nanoclusters prefer the Ullmann homo-coupling pathway and give rise to product 4,4′-dimethoxy-1,1′-biphenyl, which is in opposite to the other three nanocluster catalysts. Our overall conclusion is that the conversion of p-iodoanisole is largely affected by the electronic effect in the bimetallic nanoclusters’ 13-atom core (i.e., Pt1Au12, CuxAu13−x, and Au13, with the exception of Ag doping), and that the selectivity is primarily determined by the type of atoms on the MxAu12−x shell (M=Ag, Cu, and Au) in the nanocluster catalysts

Mitochondrial-targeting Lonidamine-Doxorubicin nanoparticles for synergistic chemotherapy to conquer drug resistance

Lonidamine (LND) can act on mitochondria and inhibit energy metabolism in cancer cells and therefore has been used together with chemotherapy drugs for synergistically enhanced therapeutic efficacy. However, its use is hindered by the poor solubility and slow diffusion in the cytoplasm. To address these problems, we designed and prepared aqueous dispersible nanoparticles (NPs) containing integrated components including triphenylphosphine (TPP) to target the mitochondria of cells and LND and doxorubicin (DOX) for synergistic cancer treatment and conquering drug resistance. This design allows the NPs to concentrate in the mitochondria of cells, solve the low solubility of LND, and contain very high load of LND and DOX in comparison with previously reported drug-delivery systems based on various carrier nanomaterials. Detailed mechanism studies reveal that TPP-LND-DOX NPs could induce significant reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, and mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, thereby leading to great cytotoxicity in cancer cells. In vivo anticancer activities indicate that TPP-LND-DOX NPs exhibit the highest efficacy in tumor inhibition among all tested groups and show high effectiveness in drug-resistant model. This work demonstrates the potential use of our TPP-LND-DOX NPs to jointly promote the mitochondria apoptosis pathway and contribute to conquer drug resistance in cancer therapy

Clinical features and outcomes of diffuse endocapillary proliferation Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis in children

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the outcomes of childhood diffuse endocapillary proliferation Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (DEP-HSPN) in response to early diagnosis and prompt treatment. METHODS: Eleven cases of DEP-HSPN in children were investigated in comparison to HSPN without diffuse endocapillary proliferation (non-DEP-HSPN). RESULTS: DEP-HSPN had a higher prevalence of nephrotic syndrome but a lower prevalence of hematuria compared to non-DEP-HSPN. IgA, IgG and IgM antibody deposition was found in DEP-HSPN by histopathological examination. Proteinuria cleared in all 11 cases through treatment with steroids and/or immunosuppressive drugs. However, half of the DEP-HSPN patients continuously had hematuria after treatment. CONCLUSION: The early diagnosis and prompt initiation of immunosuppressive treatment based on renal biopsy are important for achieving favorable outcomes